Research Area Markets and Political Economy Research Unit Market Processes and Governance Forschungsschwerpunkt Markt Und Politische Ökonomie Abteilung Marktprozesse Und Steuerung Citizenship Laws and International Migration in Historical Perspective
نویسندگان
چکیده
We investigate the origin, impact and evolution of the legal institution of citizenship. We compile a dataset across countries of the world from the 19th century, which documents how citizenship laws have evolved from the common and civil law traditions. Contrary to the predictions of legal theory, we show that the original, exogenously-given citizenship laws did not matter for migration flows during the early, mass migrations period. After WWII, citizenship-granting institutions are no longer exogenous as they are shown to be determined by international migration flows, border stability, the establishment of democracy, the welfare burden, cultural factors, and colonial history. * Previous versions of this paper have been presented at the North American Summer Meetings of the Econometric Society in Evanston, the WDI/CEPR Conference on " Transition Economics " in Hanoi, the Conference on " Economic Growth and Distribution " in Lucca, the CEPR Conference on " Understanding Productivity Differences Across Sectors, Firms and Countries " in Alghero, and the AIEL conference in Modena. We thank conference participants for helpful comments and suggestions. Financial support from the Italian University Ministry and the European Commissionis gratefully acknowledged. Wohlfahrt, kulturelle Faktoren sowie die Kolonialgeschichte bestimmt werden.
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